LEVINE, J.
Appellant was convicted of attempting to obtain a mortgage by false representation, grand theft in the first degree, and providing false information to defraud a financial institution. We find that the trial court erred in reducing the count of obtaining a mortgage by false representation to an attempt, instead of granting a judgment of acquittal. We also find that the trial court erred in not granting a judgment of acquittal as to grand theft in the first degree. Finally, as to providing false information to defraud a financial institution, we find that the trial court correctly denied the judgment of acquittal, and we affirm appellant's conviction for that count.
Appellant obtained a $315,000 mortgage in order to purchase land and build a home. Appellant approached his girlfriend's cousin, a mortgage broker, in order to obtain financing. Appellant filled out a uniform residential loan application and listed his gross monthly income as $8,900 per month. The loan application process required appellant to fill out a second loan application, where appellant again listed his gross income as $8,900 per month. At closing, appellant listed his income as $8,900 per month a third time. The state's theory of prosecution was that appellant falsified his monthly income by inflating it in order to qualify for approval for the mortgage. The state presented evidence that appellant's wages in 2003, 2004, and 2005 were less than the income reported by appellant on his mortgage application. The state contended that the evidence of the incomes presented in appellant's income tax returns proved that appellant submitted false information on the mortgage application.
A motion for judgment of acquittal is reviewed under a de novo standard of review. Pagan v. State, 830 So.2d 792, 803 (Fla.2002). "Generally, an appellate court will not reverse a conviction which is supported by competent, substantial evidence." Id. However, "[w]here the only proof of guilt is circumstantial, no matter how strongly the evidence may suggest guilt, a conviction cannot be sustained unless the evidence is inconsistent with any reasonable hypothesis of innocence." State v. Law, 559 So.2d 187, 188 (Fla.1989).
Appellant was convicted of attempting to obtain a mortgage by false representation. The statute specifically provides:
§ 817.54, Fla.Stat. (2009).
Further, to prove this crime, there must be evidence of the victim's reliance on the defendant's misrepresentation. Adams v. State, 650 So.2d 1039, 1041 (Fla.3d DCA 1995). Section 817.54 "criminalizes a specific form of false pretense crime. Accordingly, the victim's reliance on the false or misrepresented information is an essential element of the offense." Id. (citations omitted). In this case, the alleged fraud was completed. The forms indicating appellant's monthly income were filled out and submitted for consideration of a mortgage. The state, however, was unable to introduce evidence that the bank issuing the mortgage specifically relied on the forms filled out by appellant certifying his monthly income. A conviction for mortgage fraud will be vacated where there is no proof of reliance on the misrepresentation by the victim. See Grant v. State, 43 So.3d 864, 868-69 (Fla.5th DCA
As a way to circumvent this problem of proof, the state sought to proceed on this count as an attempt. The state asserted that appellant's conduct amounted to an attempt without the necessity of proving reliance.
As to the charge of grand theft in the first degree, we find that the trial court also erred in not granting a judgment of acquittal. We find that the state did not provide evidence that appellant intended to deprive the victim of its property at the time of the taking. The state based its argument—that appellant never intended to pay back the monies borrowed from the bank—on the evidence that appellant misrepresented the amount of money he made per month in order to qualify for the mortgage. However, this was insufficient to support a conviction for grand theft. See Vroom v. State, 48 So.3d 82, 84 (Fla.2d DCA 2010) (finding the evidence insufficient to support grand theft conviction where it showed only that the defendant's "financial condition at the time of the requested repayment was not consistent with that represented in the financial disclosure statement").
Finally, as to the count of providing false information to defraud a financial institution, we find that the trial court did not err in denying appellant's motion for judgment of acquittal. We find that there was competent, substantial evidence for the jury to find that appellant defrauded the bank by giving false information about his monthly income when he claimed three times that he made $8,900 per month. See United States v. Honarvar, 477 F.3d 999, 1001 (8th Cir.2007) ("The jury could decide for itself which evidence it found more persuasive and make a sound determination regarding the falsity of [defendant's] statements" by comparing representations of income on credit card applications with income tax returns).
In summary, we find that the trial court erred in not granting judgments of acquittal for grand theft in the first degree and obtaining a mortgage by false representation. As such, we reverse and remand those convictions, and we affirm the conviction for providing false information to defraud a financial institution.
Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded.
TAYLOR and HAZOURI, JJ., concur.